矿区构造变形岩相形迹填图、矿化趋势度的实测及其地质找矿——以胶东玲珑金矿田阜山金矿区为例

以玲珑金矿田阜山金矿区为实测地区，研究了胶东构造岩浆岩浆活化区玲珑-焦家式金矿的矿源岩系，对2km^2内矿源岩的构造变形岩相形变进行1/2000填图。在此基础上，提出矿化趋势度（MTD）的概念并完成阜山金矿区矿化趋势度的分布图。矿化趋势度的概念及其填图研究方法对于探讨将成矿模型转化为找矿模型、逐步建立更具体量化的找矿预测实测方法有重要的参考价值和应用前景。     

Paleozoic Accretion-Collision Events and Kinematics of Ductile Deformation in the Eastern Part of the Southern-Central Tianshan Belt, China

The Tianshan range could have been built by both late Early Paleozoic accretion and Late Paleozoic collision events. The late Early Paleozoic Aqqikkudug-Weiya suture is marked by Ordovician ophiolitic melange and a Silurian flysch sequence, high-pressure metamorphic relics, and mylonitized rocks. The Central Tianshan belt could principally be an Ordovician volcanic arc; whereas the South Tianshan belt, a back-arc basin. Macro- and microstructures, along with unconformities, provide some kinematic and chronological constraints on 2-phase ductile deformation. The earlier ductile deformation occurring at ca. 400 Ma was marked by north-verging ductile shearing, yielding granulite-bearing ophiolitic melange blocks and garnet-pyroxene-facies ductile deformation, and the later deformation, a dextral strike-slip tectonic process, occurred during the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian. Early Carboniferous molasses were deposited unconformably on pre-Carboniferous metamorphic and ductilely sheared rocks, implying t     

东南大陆边缘早侏罗世火成岩特征及其构造意义

东南大陆边缘早侏罗世火成岩主要呈双峰式火山岩、基性超基性杂岩体及A型花岗岩等形态产出。本文运用岩石学探针技术,通过早侏罗世火成岩岩石学与地球化学研究,并与晚中生代火成岩作对比,提出早侏罗世火成岩的形成与南岭东段近EW向张性断裂活动有关,标志着印支挤压造山的结束;之后东南大陆进入晚中生代NE向活动大陆边缘俯冲造山阶段,经历了挤压造山—剪切拉张过程,并在晚白垩世末期进入又一轮后造山拉张裂解阶段,即中生代时东南大陆边缘经历了早中生代(三叠纪—早侏罗世)和晚中生代(中侏罗世—晚白垩世)两期造山事件,其中早侏罗世的区域拉张作用是特提斯构造域向滨太平洋构造域转换的前奏,构造域转换可能始于中侏罗世(165Ma)。     

三峡工程建成后枯水期运行的气候风险研究

通过蒙特卡罗试验, 探讨了三峡工程建成后枯水期运行风险的评估方法。以GCM模拟试验结果为未来气候情景, 随机模拟了三峡地区在该气候情景下枯水期月降水量分布; 建立了三峡地区月径流-降水模型和三峡水库调度模型; 初步分析了长江三峡工程建成后在当前气候背景和可能未来气候情景下的运行风险。结果表明, 三峡水库的运行对气候变化反应敏感, 春季和冬季的发电风险有明显改变。     

河北省强震区内外深部S波速度结构特征研究

利用短周期记录的S波记录反演了沙城老震区及其邻区共3个台站下方的剪切波速度结构，并进行了对比分析。结合以前得到的邢台、唐山震区及其附近5个台站的速度结构，发现强震区具有几个大致相同的构造特征，即：（1）地壳厚度低于周围台站；（2）S波低速层速度低于周围地区，高低速层差异大；（3）具有较低的上地幔S波速度；（4）强震往往发生在低速层上面的高速层内或高低速层交界面上；（5）易震层往往是两个低速层夹持的高速层等，并对这种结构易于发震的机理给出了分析。总之强震的发生是与低速层紧密相磁的，而剪切波对于反映低速体构造非常敏感，因此S波速度结构研究对于揭示强震的深部构造背景，深入研究震源机制都是很有意义的。而且，强震我所共同具有的这种特征为我们今后强震危险区的划分和强震地点的预测提供了较为科学的依据。     

塔里木盆地南缘沉积物磁化率变化与历史时期环境演化

磁化率作为一种重要的环境指标，在恢复气候环境演变方面得到了较为广泛的应用。本研究表明，塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘沉积物的低频磁化率对于本地区环境的演变反映较为敏感，因此本文以低频磁化率为主导指标，结合其它地质记录，对尼雅地区的古气候环境进行了恢复，研究结果表明：近4000年来尼雅地区的气候环境以干旱化为主，但期间仍有几次相对干湿的波动，共经历了3次相对湿润期和3次相对干旱期。据此恢复出的古气候环境与其它环境指标恢复出的结果具有较好的吻合性，不仅具有鲜明的区域性特征，同时也具全球性的一致性。     

白云鄂博碳酸岩墙碳氧同位素地球化学

对内蒙古白云鄂博 REE- Fe- Nb矿床周围碳酸岩墙中共存的方解石和白云石进行了 C和 O同位素分析。结果表明，方解石和白云石的δ 13C值变化范围一致，均为－ 3.5‰～－ 7.3‰，落在正常地幔δ 13C值范围 (－ 5‰± 2‰ )内；而它们的δ 18O值可分为两组，第Ⅰ 组为 9.5‰～ 18.0‰，第Ⅱ 组为 20.6‰～ 22.6‰，均远大于正常地幔δ 18O值范围 (5.7‰± 1.0‰ )。第Ⅰ 组低δ 18O值样品中共存白云石与方解石之间的 C和 O同位素分馏均为负值，因此处于热力学不平衡状态，指示它们自形成后受到过后期热液蚀变，与先前的岩石学观察一致。相反，第Ⅱ 组高δ 18O值样品中白云石与方解石之间的 C和 O同位素分馏均为正值，处于热力学平衡状态，指示它们自形成后未受到后期热液蚀变，因此可能沉淀于晚期低温高δ 18O值流体。第Ⅰ 组碳酸岩墙中白云石的 C和 O同位素组成不呈线性分布，指示碳酸岩浆并非由幔源碳酸盐与沉积碳酸盐混合形成。应用水-岩交换模型计算得到，第Ⅰ 组碳酸岩在侵位后经历了碳酸岩浆期后热液的不均一蚀变，蚀变温度约在 220～ 800℃之间，蚀变流体的 CO2/H2O比值较小 (1/500)，但水 /岩比值变化较大 (10～ 400)。由于低温下方解石与热液之间的碳氧同位素交换速率大于白云石，导致这部分碳酸     

走滑拉分作用与相山产铀火山盆地的就位

相山火山盆地是我国著名的产铀火山盆地。本文依据相山盆地深部地质研究成果以及大陆动力学理论，探讨了相山产铀火山盆地的就位机制。研究表明，相山火山盆地火山活动划分为两个旋回，其就位受制于区域深断裂的走滑拉分作用。即第一旋回的火山机构就位于NE向深断裂右旋走滑复活产生的EW向拉分构造，形成了东西向展布的裂隙式火山喷溢带；第二旋回的火山机构就位于NE向深断裂左旋走滑复活产生的SN向拉分构造与EW向基底断裂的结点，产生了中心式火山岩浆喷溢侵出。此外，还探讨了富大铀矿的形成机制。     

A Special Orogenic-type Rare Earth Element Deposit in Maoniuping, Sichuan, China: Geology and Geochemistry

Abstract: The Maoniuping REE deposit is the second largest light rare earth elements deposit in China, explored recently in the northern Jinpingshan Mountains, a Cenozoic intracontinental orogenic belt in southwestern China. It is a vein-type deposit hosted within, and genetically related to, carbonatite-alkalic complex. Field investigation and new geochemical data of the carbonatites from the carbonatite-alkalic complex support an igneous origin for the Maoniuping carbonatites and related REE mineralization. Carbonatite itself carries rare earth elements which were enriched by hydrothermal solution.
It is known that most of the REE deposits related to carbonatite-alkalic complexes were formed in relatively stable tectonic setting such as cratonic or rifting environment. The Maoniuping deposit, however, was formed during the processes of Cenozoic orogeny. Although the Maoniuping deposit is located in the north sector of the Panxi paleo-rift zone, the rift had been closed before early Cenozoic and evolved into an intracontinental orogenic belt, i.e., the Jinpingshan Orogen, which was formed since later Mesozoic to early Cenozoic. Geochronological and geochemical data also prove that the Maoniuping REE deposit was formed in an intracontinental orogenic belt instead of rift system or stationary block.
The Maoniuping REE deposit is similar to the Mountain Pass REE deposit in many respects such as the high contents of bastnaesite and barite, the low content of niobium, and the common occurrence of sulfides. The discovery of the Maoniuping deposit and other REE deposits during the past two decades suggest a good potential for prospecting REE deposits along the alkalic complex belt located on the eastern side of the Qinghai–Xizang–West Sichuan Plateau.     

新生代黄骅坳陷构造伸展、沉积作用和岩浆活动

黄骅坳陷是一典型的张性盆地,其构造主要受西缘向东倾的拆离断层的控制。构造沉降分析显示盆地西部以裂谷沉降为主,而向东热沉降逐渐增大,反映了上地壳的强烈裂谷区与岩石圈深部强烈减薄区发生了错位。沉积作用在裂谷期和热沉降期具明显不同的特点,指示了早期基底快速不均匀的下沉和晚期基底广泛缓慢下沉的过程。玄武岩的形成和演化也与盆地构造发展过程相一致。研究结果表明,黄骅坳陷是在下伏岩石圈上部发生简单剪切和下部发生纯剪切的构造伸展过程中形成的。